To partition a drive for installing Ubuntu Server using the command-line interface (CLI), you can use the `fdisk` or `parted` command-line tools. Here, I'll explain how to use both tools to partition a drive:
### Using `fdisk`
1. **Identify the Drive:**
First, identify the drive you want to partition. You can list all available drives using the `lsblk` command.
```sh
lsblk
```
2. **Start `fdisk`:**
Start `fdisk` for the drive you want to partition. Replace `/dev/sdX` with the appropriate drive identifier.
```sh
sudo fdisk /dev/sdX
```
3. **Create Partitions:**
- Press `n` to create a new partition.
- Choose the partition type (primary or extended).
- Specify the starting and ending sectors or the partition size.
- Repeat the above steps to create additional partitions if needed.
4. **Set Partition Type (Optional):**
If you're creating a bootable partition, you might need to set its type to EFI System (for UEFI) or Linux filesystem (for BIOS/MBR).
- Press `t` to change the partition type.
- Enter the partition number.
- Enter the appropriate partition type code (e.g., `1` for EFI System).
5. **Write Changes and Quit:**
- After creating partitions, press `w` to write changes to the disk and exit `fdisk`.
### Using `parted`
1. **Identify the Drive:**
Similarly, identify the drive you want to partition using `lsblk`.
```sh
lsblk
```
2. **Start `parted`:**
Start `parted` for the drive you want to partition.
```sh
sudo parted /dev/sdX
```
3. **Create Partitions:**
- Use the `mkpart` command to create a new partition.
- Specify the partition type (primary or logical), start point, and end point.
```sh
(parted) mkpart primary ext4 1MiB 10GiB
```
This command creates a primary partition of type ext4 starting at 1MiB and ending at 10GiB.
4. **Set Partition Name (Optional):**
You can optionally set a name for the partition using the `name` command.
```sh
(parted) name 1 Ubuntu
```
This command sets the name of the first partition to "Ubuntu".
5. **Set Partition Flag (Optional):**
If you're creating a bootable partition, you might need to set its boot or ESP (EFI System Partition) flag.
```sh
(parted) set 1 boot on
```
This command sets the boot flag on the first partition.
6. **Quit:**
After creating partitions, quit `parted`.
```sh
(parted) quit
```
### Final Steps
After partitioning the drive, you can format the partitions using filesystem-specific tools like `mkfs.ext4` for ext4 filesystems, `mkfs.fat` for FAT filesystems, etc. Then proceed with installing Ubuntu Server on the desired partition. Remember to adjust the partition sizes and types according to your requirements and the installation needs.
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